Grammar: Plural.
plural number in German are: the definite article die , suffixes and root umlaut vowels. All these parameters are distributed among different nouns delivery is uneven, so the plural form of nouns need to remember every time it occurs.
I type formation of multiple characterized by the presence of the suffix -e , which is added to the base noun. Sometimes used as umlaut :
der Sohn - die S ö hn e
das Jahr - die Jahr e
II type plurals is characterized by the suffix - (e) n . umlaut is never used :
die Frau - die Frau en
die Schwester - die Schwester n
III type is characterized by the suffix -er and umlaut root vowels a , o , u ; letters e and i not changed:
das Kind - die Kind er
der Mann - die M ä nn er
IV type characterized by absence of a suffix. Sometimes used umlaut :
der Vater - die V ä ter
der Rentner - die Rentner
beyond these four types of plurals are nouns of foreign origin, which in the plural suffix take -s :
das Cafe - die Cafe s
das Foto - die Foto s
similar way form the plural, and some German nouns:
der Vati - die Vati s
der Mutti - die Mutti s
die Oma - die Oma s
In German, as in Russian, there are nouns , which are used only in the plural, for example die Eltern "parents" (in the singular word is not used if you want to call one parent, use words or der Vater die Mutter). Noun die Geschwister translated as "brother and sister" or as "brothers and sisters" (in the singular is used der Bruder words or die Schwester).
Haben Sie Geschwister? - Do you have brothers and sisters?
Ja, ich habe einen Bruder. - Yes, I have a brother.
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